A shot in the arm: what a modern approach to Jacobson v. Massachusetts means for mandatory vaccinations during a public health emergency.

Introduction ............................................................................................. 1716 I. Background ................................................................................... 1718 A. Protection of Public Health in Jacobson v. Massachusetts ... 1718 B. Strict Scrutiny and the Fundamental Right ............................ 1721 C. Individual Liberty and the Right to Refuse Medical Treatment ............................................................................... 1725 D. Public Health Emergencies and the Model State Emergency Health Powers Act .............................................. 1728 II. Narrowing Jacobson and Surviving Strict Scrutiny ..................... 1730 A. The Right to Refuse Vaccination as a Fundamental Right .... 1731 B. The Compelling Public Health Emergency ........................... 1733 C. Necessary Elements to Achieve Narrow Tailoring ............... 1736 D. Less Restrictive, Less Effective Alternatives ........................ 1740 E. Limiting Statutory Exemptions ............................................. 1742 III. Collateral Consequences of Narrowing Jacobson ........................ 1746 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 1749